Moving from the prose of a novel to the structure of a screenplay is like moving from oil painting to architecture. You’re using the same creative muscles, but the gravity is different. Here are the four most common "Author-isms" I see in scripts and how to fix them using the industry standards of Truby, Snyder, and Harmon.
1. The "Novelistic" Action Block
The Symptom: Your action descriptions look like paragraphs from a book. They are dense, descriptive, and full of "unfilmables" (e.g., "He remembers the smell of his mother’s kitchen").
The Industry Reality: If a camera can't see it, or a microphone can't hear it, delete it.
The Fix: Use the Rule of Three. No action block should be longer than three lines. Use "Vertical Pacing." Break up your blocks to create white space on the page. In Final Draft 13, if your page looks "dark" (too much text), you’re over-writing.
2. On-The-Nose Dialogue (The "Exposition" Trap)
The Symptom: Your characters say exactly what they are thinking or feeling because that's how you handled internal monologue in your book.
The Industry Reality: Real people rarely say what they mean. Subtext is king.
The Fix: Apply the Harmon "Search and Find" logic. A character should be searching for a way to get what they want without being direct. If a character says "I am very sad that you left me," try having them break a glass or refuse to make eye contact instead. Show, don't tell.
3. The "Slow Burn" Act 1
The Symptom: Your "Inciting Incident" doesn't happen until page 35 because you’re spent too much time on "World Building."
The Industry Reality: In a novel, you have 50 pages to hook a reader. In a script, you have 10.
The Fix: Use the Save the Cat "Catalyst" beat. The world should be upended by page 12. If you find yourself explaining the history of your world in Act 1, cut it. Reveal the world through the hero’s struggle to survive the Catalyst.
4. Passive Protagonists
The Symptom: Things happen to your hero, rather than your hero making things happen. Authors often let characters drift in thought; Screenwriters must make characters drive the plot.
The Industry Reality: A passive protagonist is the #1 reason for a "Pass" from a producer.
The Fix: Use Truby’s "Weakness and Need." Ensure your hero has a clear, physical Goal by the end of page 25. Every scene after that should be a proactive step toward that goal—or a proactive reaction to an obstacle.